Their coping strategies included using emotional or instrumental support; self-distraction; denial; religion; venting; substance use; self-blame; and behavioural disengagement.
Of these, using social support; denial; venting; behavioural disengagement; and self-blame coping had negative effects on satisfaction at the end of the day.
The more students used these coping strategies（应付策略） in dealing with the day's most bothersome failure, the less satisfied they felt.
In contrast, positive reframing or trying to see things in a more positive light; acceptance and humour coping had positive effects on satisfaction.
The more students used these coping strategies in dealing with failures, the more satisfied they felt at the end of the day.
Lead researcher Dr Joachim Stoeber believes that the findings will be of significant interest to clinicians, counsellors and anyone working on stress research.
He said: 'The finding that positive reframing was helpful for students high in perfectionist（完美主义者） concerns is particularly important because it suggests that even people high in perfectionist concerns, who have a tendency to be dissatisfied no matter what they achieve, are able to experience high levels of satisfaction if they use positive reframing coping when dealing with perceived failures.'
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